济南铁路职工正常高值血压发生率的变化趋势及相关因素分析

摘要

目的:研究济南铁路职工正常高值血压发生率的变化趋势及其相关因素,为制定相应的干预措施提供科学依据.方法:采取整群抽样的方法,从数据库中抽取连续5年在山东中医药大学第二附属医院进行健康查体的济南铁路局在职职工28 774人作为研究对象,对其体检资料按年度和统一标准进行血压和相关信息的提取和统计描述性分析.结果:2006年至2010年期间济南铁路职工正常高值血压发生率呈逐年增高趋势;41岁以前逐年升高趋势明显,41岁以后逐年升高趋势趋缓(P＜0.01);不同年龄组比较,其发生率随年龄增高而降低,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01);20～30岁正常高值血压发生率最高,为49.65%,51～60岁发生率最低,为39.35%;正常高值血压人群中靶器官损伤检出率明显高于正常血压人群(P＜0.01).结论:济南铁路局在职职工正常高值血压发生率逐年增加,而且有年轻化趋势;同时正常高值血压人群中靶器官损伤明显增高.应采取综合干预措施,而且干预年龄应提到30岁以前,以有效预防或延缓高血压的发生.%Objective;To research the changing tendency of incidence of high-normal blood pressure among Jinan Railway Bureau staff and analyze the related factors, so as to provide a scientific advice for corresponding intervening measures. Methods; By cluster sampling, 28 774 active staff of Jinan Railway Bureau were extracted from the data base for studying. They had taken the health examination for 5 consecutive years in our hospital. An extraction and statistical described analysis for blood pressure and related information were maken according to annual and uniform standards. Results; The incidence of high-normal blood pressure among staff of Jinan Railway Bureau from 2006 to 2010 appeared increasing year by year. Fourty-one year old previously, an increasing trend year by year was more than 41 years of age ( P < 0. 01 ) . In the comparison between different age groups, the incidence of high-normal blood pressure decreased with the age older (P <0. 01 ) . The incidence was the highest between the ages of 20 - 30 (49. 65 % ) , and the lowest between the ages of 51 - 60 (39. 35 % ). Detection rate of target organ damage was higher in high-normal blood pressure groups than that of normal blood pressure group (P < 0. 01) . Conclusions:The incidence rate of high-normal blood pressure of Jinan railway staff is increasing year by year, especially during the young staff. Meanwhile, the staff with high-normal blood pressure suffering from damaged target organ are increasing. Related intervening methods should be adopted, and the age for intervention should be younger than 30, so as to prevent or delay the occurrence of hypertension.