文本阅读中时间信息加工的二阶段模型——来自ERP的证据

摘要

采用ERP技术,通过2个实验来探究文本阅读中时间信息加工的内在机制.实验一通过控制文本阅读中事件场景持续时间,以时间词和回指词的N400波幅为指标,探讨时间信息转换后关键句阅读时间延长的原因;为了消除加工时间词本身对回指词加工的影响,实验二将重名回指词放在事件句句尾,进一步验证二阶段模型.2个实验结果表明:文本中时间转换信息引起关键句阅读时间延长的原因包括加工时间词与更新情境模型、通达先前信息与整合;文本阅读中时间信息加工符合二阶段模型,加工时间词和情境模型的更新为第一阶段,通达与整合先前信息为第二阶段.研究结果为文本阅读中时间加工的二阶段模型进一步提供了神经生理方面的证据.%The inner mechanism of temporal information processing in text reading is explored by using ERP technology in two experiments.In experiment 1,the reasons why temporal shifts can increase processing time of the critical sentenceis are tested with the index,N400 component of time words and anaphors.To eliminate the effects of processing of time words,the two-phrase model is tested;the noun-phrase (NP) anaphors are changed from the beginning position of the sentence to the end in experiment 2.The results show that both the processing of time words and accessing information that is presented prior to the temporal shift could contribute the reading times of the critical sentence.Processing the time words and updating the situation model is the first phrase and the integration of the information is the second phrases.In general,this study further supports the two-phrase model and gives the neurophysiologic evidence.