不同季节黄山大叶种茶园主要害虫的捕食性天敌优势种比较

摘要

【目的】系统调查黄山大叶种茶园4种主要害虫假眼小绿叶蝉Empoasca vitis、茶蚜Toxoptera aurantii、萤叶甲类Galerucinae和八点广翅蜡蝉Ricaniaspeculum及其捕食性天敌的种群动态．【方法】应用灰色关联度法和生态位分析法分析4种害虫与其天敌在数量、时间和空间的关系，应用密切指数之和综合评判4种害虫的天敌优势种．【结果和结论】春夏季与秋冬季之间4种害虫的优势种天敌差别较大．春夏季假眼小绿叶蝉前3位的优势种天敌是斜纹猫蛛Oxyopes sertatus、茶色新园蛛Neoscona theisi和锥腹肖蛸Tetragnatha maxillosa；茶蚜前3位的优势种天敌是异色瓢虫Leis axyridis、龟纹瓢虫Propylea japonica和锥腹肖蛸；萤叶甲类前3位的优势种天敌是龟纹瓢虫、异色瓢虫和草间小黑蛛Erigonidium graminicolum；八点广翅蜡蝉前3位的优势种天敌是粽管巢蛛Clubiona japonicola、锥腹肖蛸和鞍形花蟹蛛Xysticus ephippiafus．秋冬季假眼小绿叶蝉前3位的优势种天敌是锥腹肖蛸、八点球腹蛛Theridion oc-tomaculatum和鳞纹肖蛸Tetragnatha squamata；茶蚜前3位的优势种天敌是锥腹肖蛸、八点球腹蛛和鳞纹肖蛸；萤叶甲类前3位的优势种天敌是龟纹瓢虫、异色瓢虫和锥腹肖蛸；八点广翅蜡蝉前3位的优势种天敌是茶色新园蛛、斜纹猫蛛和鞍形花蟹蛛．%[Objective]The major insect pests in the Huangshan large leaf tea gardens are Empoasca vitis, Toxoptera aurantii, Aulcophora femoralis and Ricaniaspeculum.To investigate the population dynamics between the four major pests and their natural predators .[Method] The quantity , and the temporal and spatial relationships of the four pests and their predators were analysed using grey correlation degree and ecological niche analyses .The dominant natural predator of each pest was evaluated using the sum of close index .[Result and conclusion] There were greater differences for dominant natural predators of four pests between spring-summer season and autumn-winter season .In spring-summer season the three domi-nant natural predators of Empoasca vitis were Oxyopes sertatus, Neoscona theisi and Tetragnatha maxillo-sa;the dominant natural predators of Toxoptera aurantii were Leis axyridis, Propylea japonica and Tetrag-natha maxillosa;for Galerucinae, the main natural predators were Propylea japonica, Leis axyridis and Erigonidium graminicolum; and for Ricaniaspeculum, the predators were Clubiona japonicola, Tetrag-natha maxillosa and Xysticus ephippiafus.In autumn-winter season , the three dominant natural predators of Empoasca vitis were Tetragnatha maxillosa, Theridion octomaculatum and Tetragnatha squamata; the three dominant natural predators of Toxoptera aurantii were Tetragnatha maxillosa, Theridion octomacula-tum and Tetragnatha squamata;for Galerucinae, the main natural predators were Propylea japonica, Leis axyridis and Tetragnatha maxillosa; and for Ricaniaspeculum, the predators were Neoscona theisi, Oxyopes sertatus and Xysticus ephippiafus.