英国田园诗歌源远流长,是人类文明史上宝贵的精神财富,但长期以来田园诗歌一直被视作消极遁世的文学而没有进入研究的焦点。然而纵观整个英国田园诗歌,不难发现大量诗作中表达出超前、明显的自然意识和生态思想。兴起于20世纪70年代的生态批评理论为研究田园诗歌提供了新的视角,本文试从生态批评的视角,结合文本细读的方法客观全面地重新解读田园诗歌,探寻其中蕴含的积极生态思想及其对生态理解的狭隘性和局限性,从而有助于实现人与自然的和谐发展,进一步推动国内外对田园诗歌多视角、多元化的批评与解读。%British pastoral poems, as invaluable spiritual wealth in human civilization, are longstanding and well - established. However, for a long time they were regarded as negative, pessimistic and evasive literature, unable to enter critics＇ research focus, and accordingly research on them at home and abroad were far from sufficient. Through an overview of the whole British pastoral poems, it could be discovered that farseeing, obvious natural and ecological senses or thoughts were expressed in many pastoral poems. Fortunately, the ecological criticism, coming into being in 1970s, provided a new perspective for the study on pastoral poems. Therefore, this thesis will have an objective and overall analysis of pastoral poems in the perspective of ecological theory and dig out the positive ecological thoughts and their narrow - minded and limited understanding on ecology or nature as well. This thesis helps to build the harmony between human and nature and it will also help to boost the multi - perspective and multi - layered research on pastoral poems.
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