英汉人体词“hand”和“手”一词多义认知对比研究

摘要

一词多义是语言中非常普遍的现象，一词多义是认知主体与客观世界互动的情况下对客观世界进一步深化认知的结果。在词义拓展的过程中，隐喻和转喻作为一词多义的认知发展机制被当成一种思维模式和认知方式而引入其中，因此词义拓展过程能在一定程度上展示认知主体的思维发展相似性和差异。英汉人体词是认知世界的“元概念”，因此对其一词多义的英汉对比研究对揭示英汉认知主体的思维模式有更深刻的含义。同时，一词多义的对比研究，对于词汇教学、词典编撰、跨文化交际等方面也都具有积极的作用。%Polysemy is a very common phenomenon in language.Polysemy is the result of a further understanding of the cognitive subjects to the objective world based on the interaction between the cognitive subjects and the objective world.In the process of semantic extension,metaphor and meton-ymy are introduced as two means of thinking modes and cognitive means,and they served as the cog-nitive mechanism of polysemy,so the semantic extension of polysemy can,to some extent,reveal the thinking similarities and differences of the cognitive subjects.English and Chinese body terms are the cognitive “metaconcepts”of the world,so the comparative study of English and Chinese body terms has a deeper meaning to reveal the thinking modes of the English and Chinese cognitive subjects.Mo-reover,the study of polysemy of English and Chinese body terms can contribute not only to teaching vocabulary,compiling dictionary,but also to cross-culture communication.