从语言哲学角度论语言习得--对维特根斯坦后期哲学思想的一个思考

摘要

维特根斯坦在其后期哲学著作中对儿童母语习得问题有很多论述。在其思想影响下形成了三种不同的哲学语言学习理论：幸运说、社区控制说和第二天性说，它们都与意义怀疑主义相关。分析这三种理论，对照维特根斯坦的生活形式观，这三种理论都有自己的不足。提出自己的观点：儿童母语习得过程是一个个体与社会互动的开放的过程，是人在其生活形式上的意义不断展开的过程。%In his later philosophical works,Wittgenstein devotes considerable space to theorizing about children′s first language acquisition.Three theories on language acquisition have evolved from his theoretic in-quiry:the theory of pure luck,the theory of community control and the theory of second nature,all of which are related with semantic skepticism.The paper examines the three theories in the light of Wittgenstein′s idea of“forms of life”and argues that each of these theories has some weaknesses.The paper then proposes that that first language acquisition in one′s childhood is an open process where the individual interacts with the soci-ety,and is a continuous unfolding of the forms of life.