硝酸异辛酯的热安全性研究

摘要

为了研究十六烷值改进剂—硝酸异辛酯(EHN)的热稳定性与热危险性,采用C600微型量热仪测试硝酸异辛酯的热分解特性.利用热分析技术考察温升速率对EHN热分解特性的影响,并利用活化能、TMRad(在绝热条件下最大反应速率到达时间)和自加速分解速率(SADT)方法评价此改进剂的危险性.结果表明,EHN发生分解反应的起始放热温度和最大放热温度均随着温升速率的增加而增大,且四种温升速率的反应机理是一致的.计算得到EHN热分解活化能在143.6-213.6kJ/mol之间.通过绝热条件下TMRad评价得出EHN在常温常压条件下不易发生危险失控,EHN自加速分解温度为98℃＞75℃,即在常温条件下储运是安全的,为储运硝酸异辛酯提供有力的数据支持.%The thermal decomposition of EHN in the air was studied by C600 microcalorimetry in order to investigate the thermal stability and thermal risk of EHN was studied.The effect of heating rate on the thermal decomposition characteristic of EHN by thermal analysis technology and the hazard level of EHN was assessed by its activation energy of thermal decomposition,TMRad (Time to maximum rate under adiabatic condition) and the self-accelerating decomposition temperature.The results showed that the rise of heating rate could lift the onset exothermic temperature and peak temperature of EHN and the reaction mechanisms were same under the four temperature rise rate.The activation energy of thermal decomposition of EHN ranged from 143.6 to 213.6kJ/mol by calculating.EHN was not easy to produce risk out of control under room temperature and atmospheric pressure conditions based on TMRad,and the self-accelerating decomposition temperature was 98 ℃ ＞ 75 ℃,namely under room temperature and atmospheric pressure conditions,it was safe for storing and transporting EHN,and this provided strong data support for storing and transporting of EHN.