层次分析法在路线详细方案比选中的应用

摘要

针对道路设计中影响路线详细方案比选的因素较多且存在相互关联、相互制约的问题，提出了采用以模糊数学为理论基础的层次分析法（AHP）来进行路线详细方案的比选．将AHP法与实际问题相结合，提出将平面线形、纵断面线形、横断面形式及线形组合作为评价元素构成递阶层次结构的准则层，并根据具体的地形、地质等条件，采用两两比较法确定元素间的比例标度，采用特征根法并利用MATLAB软件计算元素的相对权重，对方案层进行总体评价．通过引入实例表明该方法具有较好的适用性．%In view of the fuzzy and uncertain factors impacting multi-projects selection of routes in road design, this paper puts forward that the method of analytic hierarchy process （AHP） based on the theory of fuzzy mathematics can be used to select the best project. The rule layer of the hierarchy structure consists of such four evaluating elements as horizontal alignment, vertical alignment, cross section types and linear combination. In the light of the practical terrain and geological conditions, the proportion quantities between elements are determined by the neighboring comparative method, and the relative weight of elements obtained by means of the MATLAB software and eigenvalue method. And finally, the whole evaluation of the project hierarchy is obtained. This paper introduces a practical example which shows that AHP can he applied in solving such problems effectively.