目的:探讨人类白细胞抗原 (HLA)-G第8外显子14bp基因多态性在海南汉、黎族重度子痫前期 (sPE) 中的意义.方法:收集2016年1月至2017年7月在海南省人民医院产科分娩的正常妊娠妇女128例 (汉族68例和黎族60例) 及sPE患者102例 (汉族55例和黎族47例) 的血标本, 应用PCR及直接测序法对HLA-G的14bp位点的等位基因及基因型进行分型, 比较两个民族组间该位点的等位基因及基因型频率分布是否存在差异.结果:各组14bp位点可检测出3种基因型:即+14bp/+14bp型、+14bp/-14bp型和-14bp/-14bp型.不同民族间比较:汉族正常对照组与黎族正常对照组, 汉族sPE组和黎族sPE组的HLA-G 14bp等位基因和基因型频率比较, 差异均无统计学意义 (P＞0.05) .相同民族间比较:汉族sPE组HLA-G 14bp等位基因和3种基因型频率与汉族正常对照组比较, 差异均无统计学意义 (P＞0.05) .黎族sPE组-14bp等位基因频率低于黎族正常对照组 (54.4％vs 64.3％, P＜0.05) .黎族sPE组HLA-G-14bp/-14bp基因型频率低于黎族正常对照组 (22.2％vs 42.9％, P＜0.05), 而-14bp/+14bp基因型频率高于黎族正常对照组 (64.4％vs 42.9％, P＜0.05), 两组+14bp/+14bp基因型频率比较, 差异无统计学意义 (P＞0.05) .结论:HLA-G基因第8外显子14bp缺失多态性的存在可能有利于降低孕妇PE的发生发展, 可能与种族差异有关.%Objective:To study the relationship between severe preeclampsia (sPE) and polymorphism of HLA-G exon 8 14 bp gene in Han and Li nationality of Hainan province.Methods:Blood sample of 128 normal pregnant women (including 68 cases of Han and 60 of Li nationality) and 102 sPE patients (including 55 cases of Han and 47 of Li nationality) delivered at the Hainan Provincial People′s Hospital was collected from January 2016 to July 2017.The alleles and genotypes of HLA-G 14 bp locus were classified by PCR and direct sequencing.The differences in allele and genotype frequencies were compared between the two ethnic groups.Results:Three genotypes were detected at 14 bp locus in different groups, +14 bp/+14 bp, +14 bp/-14 bp and-14 bp/-14 bp.There was no significant difference in distributions of allele and genotype frequencies between Hanand Li nationality in control and sPE group (P＞0.05).There was no significant difference in distributions of allele and genotype between control and sPE group in Han nationality (P＞0.05).In Li nationality, the frequency of-14 bp polymorphism allele in sPE group was significantly lower than that in the control group ((54.4％ vs 64.3％, P＜0.05).The frequency of-14 bp/-14 bp genotype in Li sPE group was significantly lower than that in the Li control group (22.2％ vs 42.9％, P＜0.05).The frequency of-14 bp/+14 bp genotype was significantly higher in Li sPE group than that in the Li control groups (64.4％ vs 42.9％, P＜0.05).There was no significant difference of +14 bp/+14 bp genotype between Li control and sPE group (P＞0.05).Conclusions:The HLA-G 14 bp deletion polymorphism is associated with the decrease of PE in pregnancy women.This correlation could be associated with racial differences.
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