目的:明确老年大鼠海马及皮层区NMDAR1是否为异氟醚麻醉作用的靶点,探讨异氟醚对老年大鼠学习记忆能力的影响及可能的机制.方法:健康雄性SD大鼠(n = 36)随机分为空白对照组、氧气组、苏醒后2 h组、苏醒后1 d组、苏醒后3 d组、苏醒后7 d组. Morris水迷宫观察各组大鼠吸入2%异氟醚30 min后不同时间点行为学的变化, 免疫组化测定各组大鼠NMDAR1 在海马CA1、CA3以及皮层区的表达. 结果:大鼠苏醒后2 h学习记忆能力有一定程度下降(P < 0.05);苏醒后1 d记忆开始恢复;苏醒后3、7 d记忆能力恢复正常. 大鼠苏醒后2 h海马CA1、CA3区NMDAR1表达下降(P < 0.05);苏醒后1 d开始恢复;苏醒后3 d、7 d恢复至用药前水平. 结论:异氟醚影响老年大鼠记忆能力可能与大鼠海马CA1、CA3区NMDAR1表达下降有关.%Objective To investigate the expression of NMDAR1 in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex of old rats after 30-min -inhalation of 2% isoflurane, and to investigate the effects of isoflurane on the learning and memory functions of old rats and the underlying mechanism. Methods The healthy old male Sprague Dawley rats (n = 36) were randomly divided into the control group, the oxygen group, the 2-hour post-recovery group, the 1-day post-recovery group, the 3-day post-recovery group, and the 7-day post-recovery group. The morris water maze was used to detect the ethological effect of 30-min inhalation of isoflurane , and the immunohistochemistry assay was used to detect the expression of NMDAR1 in the hippocampus (CA1, CA3) and the cerebral cortex. Results The 30-min inhalation of 2% isoflurane inhibited the learning and memory abilities of old rats at 2 h post-recovery. On 1 d post-recovery, the inhibition of learning and memory began to reduce, then on 3 d and 7 d post-recovery, the learning and memory abilities continously recovered. The expression of NMDAR1 in the rat hippocampus and cerebral cortex decreased at 2 h post-recovery, and reversed on 1 d post-recovery and reached the normal level on 3 d and 7 d post-recovery. Conclusion 30-min inhalation of 2%isoflurane had an inhibitory effect on the learning and memory abilities of old rats, and the attenuation of NMDAR1 in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex may involve in this process.
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