[目的]研究芽孢杆菌喷雾制剂对鸡舍环境微生物的影响,为肉鸡鸡舍环境改善提供技术支持.[方法]试验在4间环控舱中进行,以1日龄AA肉公鸡为试验动物,采用交叉设计,先后进行2期试验,每期试验为期42d,设每日喷洒2 mL/m3芽孢杆菌喷雾剂处理组和喷洒2 mL/m3无菌水的对照组.以环控舱为试验单位,每个舱为1个重复,第1期试验以舱1和舱2为试验组,舱3和舱4为对照组;第2期试验舱1和舱2为对照组,舱3和舱4为试验组.于肉鸡21和42日龄时,利用六级空气微生物采样器采集环控舱内空气样品,并采集肉鸡排泄物样品,分别测定舍内空气和排泄物的微生物含量.[结果]1)21和42日龄时,试验组舱内空气总需氧菌含量显著低于对照组,大肠杆菌含量极显著低于对照组;42日龄时,试验组舱内空气中金黄色葡萄球菌含量极显著低于对照组.2)21日龄时,排泄物总需氧菌和大肠杆菌含量极显著低于对照组;42日龄时,排泄物总需氧菌含量极显著低于对照组,大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌含量显著低于对照组.3)舍内空气总需氧菌、大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌主要分布在1～4级(粒子直径7.0～2.1μm),5～6级(粒子直径2.1～0.65 μm)分布较少.21日龄时,试验组舍内空气中采样器1～4级总需氧菌数量显著低于对照组,大肠杆菌数量极显著低于对照组.42日龄时,试验组舍内空气中采样器2～5级总需氧菌、大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌数量极显著低于对照组;1级总需氧菌数量显著低于对照组,大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌数量极显著低于对照组;6级总需氧菌和大肠杆菌数量显著低于对照组,金黄色葡萄球菌数量极显著低于对照组.[结论]舍内定期喷洒芽孢杆菌喷雾制剂,能够降低鸡舍环境中的总需氧菌、大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌数量,改善鸡舍环境.%[Objective] The experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of Bacillus spray preparation on the environmental microbes,expecting to provide information for improving environment of broilers house.[Method] Two trials with one-day AA male broilers were taken successively,which were conducted in four chambers and employed a cross-over design.Each trial period lasted for 42 days.The trial included treatment group sprayed 2 mL/m3 Bacillus and control group sprayed 2 mL/m3 sterile water.With the chamber as the experimental unit,each chamber represented a replicate.In the first trial,the first and the second chambers were treatment groups and the third and the fourth chambers were control groups.In the second trials,the first and the second chambers were control groups and the third and the fourth chambers were treatment groups.The air was collected by the six-stage microbial sampler and the feces was collected.Microbes in the air and feces were determined.[Result] The results showed that:1) Compared with the control group,the content of total aerobic bacteria in the air of the treatment group were significantly decreased (P＜0.05) and the content of E.coli in the air of the treatment group were significantly decreased (P＜0.01) at the age of 21 days and 42 days;The content of S.aureus in the air of the treatment group were significantly decreased (P＜0.01) at the age of 42 days.2) Compared with the control group,the content of total aerobic bacteria and E.coli in the feces of the treatment group were significantly decreased (P＜0.01) at the age of 21 days;The content of total aerobic bacteria in the feces of the treatment group were significantly decreased (P＜0.01) and the content of E.coli and S.aureus in the feces of the treatment group were significantly decreased (P＜0.05) at the age of 42 days.3) Total aerobic bacteria,E.coli and S.aureus distributed mainly at one to four stage of the sampler with aerodynamic diameter ranged from 7.0μm to 2.1 μm and only a small portion distributed at five and six stage with diameter ranged from 2.1 μm to 0.65 μm.Compared with the control group,at the age of 21 days,from one to four stage of the sampler,the number of total aerobic bacteria in treatment group were decreased significantly (P＜0.05)while the number of E.coli in treatment group were decreased significantly (P＜0.01).At the age of 42 days,compared with the control group,from two to five stage of the sampler,the number of total aerobic bacteria,E.coli and S.aureus in the treatment group were significantly decreased (P＜0.01);In the first stage,the number of total aerobic bacteria in the treatment group were significantly decreased (P＜0.05)while the number of E.coli and S.aureus were significantly decreased (P＜0.01).In the sixth stage,the number of total aerobic bacteria and E.coli were significantly decreased (P＜0.05) while the number of S.aureus were significantly decreased (P＜ 0.01).[Conclusion] In summary,spraying Bacillus preparation regularly in broiler house decreased the number of total aerobic bacteria,S.aureus and E.coli in the environment and improved the environmental conditions of the broiler house.
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