坡耕地保护性耕作技术模式的保水保土增产效应研究

摘要

采用径流小区与田间小区试验相结合的方式,于2011年在黑龙江省北安市红星农场3.坡耕地进行不同保护性耕作技术模式的水土保持和节水增产效应试验研究.通过对不同处理的径流量、土壤侵蚀量、干物质积累、产量、水分利用效率等分析表明,深松、深松+秸秆还田、深松+秸秆还田+垄向区田、深松+垄向区田四种模式均有一定的水土保持与节水增产效果,其中以深松+秸秆还田+垄向区田的效果最好,相对于常规耕作减流量、减沙量分别为95.12％、90.30％,产量、水分利用效率分别提高25.47％、31.91％.%The effect of the soil and water conservation and water-saving and yield-increasing of different conservation tillage technology mode were conducted in the slopping farmland with 3 degree gradient which located at Bei'an Red Star Farm of Heilongjiang Province in 2011 by means of the combination of runoff plots and field plots experiments.The analysis of runoff,soil erosion,dry matter accumulation and yield of soybean,water use efficiency for different treatments showed that:subsoiling,subsoiling and retuming straw,subsoiling and retuming straw and furrow damming,subsoiling and furrow damming four models all had a certain effect of the soil and water conservation and water-saving and yield-increasing.Among them,the subsoiling and returning straw and furrow damming worked best,the reduction rates of runoff and sediment were 95.12％ and 90.30％ respectively but the yield and the water use efficiency were increased by 25.47％ and 31.91％ compared to conventional tillage.