《莫雷尔法案》对美国农民职业技术教育综述

摘要

The Morrill Act, released in 1862, initiated the training of American farmers. This research reviewed the domestic and overseas literature focused on the evolution of American farmers’ education, main factors such as training objects, contents and methods, and influential elements including system, law, finance and organization, etc.. It thus discussed the issues in the education such as graduates’ return to land after several years’ education and training, farmers’ safety and health education as part of training, and correlations of industrialized agriculture and sustainable its development.%1862年颁布的《莫雷尔法案》开启了美国对农民培训的序幕。国内外学者对此的研究主要聚焦于美国农民教育培训的发展历程、主--素（培训对象、培训内容、培训方式）、影响因素（健全体系、立法保障、资金支持和全方位参与）等方面，且研究不断深入。在后续农民教育培训研究方面还存在一定问题：毕业生接受教育培训后是否回归土地的问题；农民健康和安全教育是否要纳入到农民教育培训的内容中的问题；工业化农业与可持续化农业之间的关系问题。