After the establishment of CAFTA, China and ASEAN achieved fruitful results, contributing to a series of amplification effects. However, there is a need to take a calm reflection in such a cordial atmosphere. The future progress of CAFTA isn't always a plain sailing, instead, harvest and risk coexist. The barriers and risks of the progress of CAFTA include the following factors: South China Sea issue turns to be a time bomb in cooperative development; the international financial crisis affects economic development models; transportation facilities and logistics system needs to be improved; the member states of ASEAN hold much too high expectations of China; the internal capacity of the enterprises in China enter into ASEAN is inadequate.%中国-东盟自由贸易区建成后，双方在经济贸易取得了丰硕成果，并产生一系列放大效应。但是中国一东盟自由贸易区今后前行的道路并非一帆风顺，丰收与风险同在。障碍与风险在于：南海问题可能成为合作发展的定时炸弹；国际金融危机影响经济发展模式；交通设施物流体系亟待完善提高；东盟成员国对中国的期望值过高；中国企业进入东盟国家内功不足等。
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