我国优秀田径运动员奥运年度竞技状态的特征分析

摘要

采用文献资料、数理统计、个案分析以及比较分析等方法，对我国优秀田径运动员在单个奥运周期中的奥运年度间竞技水平特征、竞技状态划分以及竞技状态渐进性和稳定性进行分析。统计结果表明，运动员的运动成绩表现的竞技状态并不是理论的分布在各种竞技状态上；奥运年度内，大部分运动员竞技水平呈现提高，小部分运动员由于伤病等原因出现下滑，奥运年度竞技状态的稳定性跟运动员的竞技水平、比赛项目的性质存在一定的对应关系。%The Chinese elite athletes� competitiveness fea-tures, competitive state division and competitive state gradualness and stability during a single Olympic Year were analyzed based on literature,mathematical statistics, case analysis and comparative analysis. The results show that athletes� performance is not a theoretical distribution upon competitive state. In an Olympic Period,most of the athletes� competitiveness improved,only a fraction of them went down by the injury,etc. There is a corresponding re-lation between the stability of competitive state and the competitiveness of the athletes as well as the competition nature in an Olympic Season.