超声对维持性血液透析动静脉瘘及管腔阻塞的诊断价值

摘要

Objective To study the value of ultrasonography in diagnosis of lower flow volume or obstruction of arterio-venous fistula in patients of end stage kidney disease treated by hemodialysis .Methods Sixty-four patients of end stage kidney disease treated by hemodialysis with lower flow volume or obstruction of arteriovenous fistula were studied by ultra-sonography .Results All sixty four patients included 45 cases of lower flow volume (Lv ) and 19 patients of vessel ob-struction .In 45 cases of lower flow volume ,3 cases were diagnosed as artery stenosis ,7 cases as anastomotic stenosis ,32 cases as vein stenosis by ultrasonography ;other 3 cases were found with large collateral vesels at drainage-vein .In 19 ca-ses of vessel obstruction ,3 cases were found with thrombus at anastomotic stoma ,2 cases were found with thrombus at artery and 14 cases with thrombus at drainage-vein by ultrasonography .Conclusion Ultrasonography can find lower flow volume or obstruction of arteriovenous fistula and its causes .It is of great value in diagnosis of lower flow volume or ob-struction of arteriovenous fistula and in followed treatment .%目的：研究超声对维持性血液透析动静脉瘘（AVF）血流量不足及管腔阻塞的诊断价值。方法应用彩色多普勒超声对64例维持性血液透析并A V F血流量不足及管腔阻塞的患者进行检查。结果64例患者中45例为血流量不足，超声检查诊断1例为供血动脉狭窄，7例为吻合口狭窄，34例为引流静脉狭窄，3例为引流静脉有较大侧枝血管分流致血流量减少。另19例为管腔阻塞的患者，经超声检查3例为吻合口处血栓，14例为引流静脉血栓，2例为供血动脉血栓形成。结论超声对发现维持性血液透析患者AVF血流量减少及管腔阻塞，并进一步查找其原因，为及时适当治疗具有较大的临床指导意义。