中高考改革在目前的教育改革中备受关注,考试试题变化会直接影响学校课堂教学.正确发挥考试的导向作用,真正理解试题是关键.以2013年一道北京中考压轴题为例,解析试题的命制过程,分析考生作答情况,给出教学建议:认真分析课标教材,将"认知过程"落实到教学中;充分关注概念学习,用"结构体系"串联章节知识;真正理解能力立意,将"能力分解"进行整体设计.%Among current educational reforms, the reform on senior high school and college entrance examinations attracted extensive attention, and variations on exam questions could affect school classroom teaching directly. In order to enable exams to play their guiding role correctly, it was crucial to have a true understanding of test questions. This article took the finale question of a recent Beijing Senior High School Entrance Examination as an example to dissect its proposing process, analyze examinees' answers, and gave the following teaching suggestions: paying close attention to the cognitive process of knowledge learning, connecting textbook chapters and sections by certain structural system, decomposing the ability objective, and implementing all the aforementioned measures gradually in everyday teaching.
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