作为治理工具的自愿性标准：理论、现状与未来∗--兼论中国标准化法制的革新

摘要

Voluntary standard is the governance system based on market driven and social negotiation.As an important part of the standard system,voluntary standard has become a basic tool for collaborative governance and private governance.However,existing standardization legislation and policy of science and technology are not sufficient to provide an institutional guarantee for play its governance tools of voluntary standards.At the present stage,reforming the existing standardization system is the first task of the standardization work in China.The reformation of standardized system should have been done within the framework of the rule of law, adherence to the theoretical knowledge of binary of voluntary standards and mandatory standard,adhere to the market-oriented direction reformation of voluntary standards system.And we should set up service platform of voluntary standard information,establish democratic governance mechanisms of voluntary standards system,and create the external environment of free and fair competition for voluntary standard.%自愿性标准是以市场驱动和社会协商为基础的治理体系。作为标准体系的重要组成部分，自愿性标准已成为协同治理和私人治理的基本工具。然而，我国现有标准化立法与科技政策不足以为自愿性标准发挥其治理工具功能提供周全的制度保障。改革现有标准化体制是我国现阶段标准化工作的首要任务。标准化体制的改革应在法治化框架内进行，坚持自愿性标准与强制性标准二分的理论认识，坚持自愿性标准体制改革的市场化方向。在制度建设方面应积极搭建自愿性标准信息服务平台，促进自愿性标准体制的内部民主治理机制，并积极营造自愿性标准自由、公平竞争的外部环境。