“通广侷狭”门法考

摘要

“Tongguang” and“Cuxia” are relatively important and complex rhyme in Chinese Phonology. It mainly reflects the “Chongniu” in rhythmic dictionary. However, there exists various records referring to the words included in this rhymical dictionary in different rhyme books. The reason are as follows: on the one hand, it is due to the phonetic development in different period; on the other hand, it is ascribed to in-accuracy in later rhythmic dictionary and rhyme diagrams. And more importantly , as there do not exist any essential differences in many rhymes at all , it’s casual that there exists some difference in the rhyme dia-grams. This fact leads to various messes in word classification of the phonology. However , as long as we un-derstand the real meaning of this rhythmic dictionary , we'll find that all these messes are due to the different ways in handling the matter of Chongniu , which is not mysterious at all.%“通广”“侷狭”门是等韵门法中较为重要、也较为复杂的一种。它主要反映了韵书中的“重纽”问题。然而各个韵书对于这一门之收字有不同的记载，这固然是有不同时代语音发展本身的原因，同时也有后世韵书或韵图审音不精的因素存在，但更为重要的是因为在唇、牙、喉音的很多韵之三四等本来并无实质的区别，其在韵图中的三四等分列具有一定的偶然性。这样就导致了后世的等韵门法书在对这一门的归字中出现种种混乱，但只要明白了其实在意义，便会发现这只是由于不同韵图在处理“重纽”字时的不同方式所导致，并无多大神秘之处。