油料作物是食用油脂、饲料蛋白和工业原料的重要来源,提高油料作物油脂含量、改善种子油品质是目前油料作物改良的主要目标.基因工程及高通量测序技术的飞速发展加深了对种子油生物合成途径的全面认识,文中分析了种子油和脂肪酸合成调控机制的复杂性,举例说明了国内外利用转基因技术提高种子油及脂肪酸含量所涉及到的关键基因及其研究进展,为油料作物高油育种及种子油改良的相关研究提供理论依据.%Oil crop is the major source of edible oil, feed protein and industrial raw materials in the world. So the main goal of oil crop improvement is to increase oil content and improve seed oil quality. Rapid development of genetic engineering and high-throughput sequencing technology has enhanced the comprehensive understanding of seed oil biosynthesis pathway. This paper analyzed oil and fatty acid synthesis pathway and the complexity of its regulatory mechanisms. It also illustrated the related genes which can increase oil and fatty acid content by transgenic technology and their advance. It will provide theoret ical basis for high oil content crop breeding and seed oil improvement.
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