碱性蛋白酶改性蚕蛹蛋白的工艺条件优化及改性蛋白的功能特性研究

摘要

为提高蚕蛹蛋白的利用附加值,通过筛选的碱性蛋白酶(Alcalase)对蚕蛹蛋白进行改性.以蚕蛹蛋白水解度为评价指标,经单因素实验和响应面分析法对酶解改性蚕蛹蛋白的工艺条件进行优化,得到最佳工艺条件:蚕蛹蛋白质浓度4.5%,酶用量6 270.1 U/g,酶解时间185.3 min,各因素对水解度的影响程度依次为酶用量、蛋白质浓度和酶解时间.在最优条件下制备出的蚕蛹蛋白的水解度和乳化性分别是处理前的4.69倍和2.76倍,总氨基酸和必需氨基酸含量分别是处理前的1.44倍和1.56倍.研究结果为开发高附加值的蚕蛹蛋白产品提供了理论依据.%To increase the use-value of silkworm (Bombyxmori) pupa protein,the modification of silkworm pupa protein properties was carried out through the screened alkaline protease (A lcalase)in this study.Single factors such as protein concentration,the amount of enzyme,and enzymatic time were selected according to their effects on the solubility of silkworm pupa protein.Then,response surface analysis was conducted to optimize the modification conditions for silkworm pupa protein.Results indicated that the optimum conditions were as follows.The protein concentration was 4.5%,the amount of enzyme was 6 270.1 U/g and the enzymatic time was 185.3 min.The influence degree of various factors on the silkworm pupa protein is ordered as protein concentration,enzyme amount,and enzymatic time.Under this condition,the pupa protein solubility and emulsifying property were greatly improved,which were 4.69 and 2.76 times of those before treatment,respectively.Total amino acids and essential amino acids were 1.44 and 1.56 times of those before treatment,respectively.The results provide theoretical information for the development of high value-added silkworm pupa protein products.