时间副词「いつも「」つねに「」ずっと」的体意义

摘要

时间副词最主要的功能是协助句子谓语完成时体意义的表达。日语中的反复体缺乏专门的语法形式，因此对时间副词等词汇手段的依赖程度更大。作为相关的时间副词「，いつも」通常被认为表示高频，实则与频率无关，仅表反复「。つねに」表示事件的持续或“由单个事件的频繁反复构成的整体状态”的持续「。つねに」与表示持续的最典型副词「ずっと」的区别是：前者用于惯常性事件，而后者用于一次性的具体事件「。いつも」和「つねに」均与表反复的谓语共现，前者表示微观层面的反复义，后者表示宏观层面的持续义，这充分体现了时间副词与句子谓语之间的句法语义互动关系。%The most important function of temporal adverbs is to convey the meaning of tense or aspect of predicates. It is especially true when temporal adverbs are used to indicate repetition given that there is no special inflection for iteration in Japanese.“Itsumo”is known as an adverb implying high frequency, but in fact it implies repetition only, which has nothing to do with frequency. The similar adverb“tsuneni”implies that the situation is being maintained without break. In other words,“itsumo”indicates repetition from a micro viewpoint, and“tsuneni”indicates duration from a macro viewpoint. The main difference between“tsuneni”and“zutto”is that“tsuneni”is used for a habitual event, while“zutto”is usually used for a particular event.