经肝动脉化疗栓塞联合经皮微波消融序贯治疗早期肝癌的疗效及预后影响因素

摘要

目的：探讨早期肝癌经肝动脉化疗栓塞(TACE)联合经皮微波凝固消融(PMCT)序贯治疗后的临床疗效及预后影响因素。方法2011年1月—2014年4月收集早期肝癌患者66例,先行TACE,5~7 d后在超声引导下行PMCT。分析术前、TACE和联合PMCT治疗后肝功能、甲胎蛋白(AFP)的变化。Kaplan-Meier计算无瘤累积生存率,Chi-square分析影响复发的高危因素,有统计学意义者引入logistic回归多因素分析。结果66例早期肝癌TACE后较术前ALT、TBIL、DBIL显著升高(P<0．01)；联合PMCT后较术前AST、ALT、DBIL升高(P<0．01)；联合PMCT后与TACE相比,AST升高(P<0．01), TBIL、DBIL降低(P<0．01)。联合PMCT与术前、TACE相比AFP均降低(P<0．01)。本组病例随访期间死亡1例,3年累积生存率98．5%。复发19例,1、2、3年的无瘤累积生存率分别为70．3%、50．8%、41．6%。单因素和多因素分析AFP≥100μg/L、病毒载量≥103拷贝/ml和肿瘤边界不规整是早期肝癌联合治疗后复发的危险因素(P<0．05)。结论 TACE联合PMCT序贯治疗是早期肝癌较理想的治疗方法,TACE后序贯PMCT不会影响肝功能恢复进程,AFP≥100μg/L、病毒载量≥103拷贝/ml和肿瘤边界不规整是早期肝癌TACE联合PMCT序贯治疗后复发的危险因素。%Objective To explore the effect of sequential therapy of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) followed by percutaneous microwave coagulation therapy (PMCT) in treating early-stage primary hepatocellular carcinoma (PHC), and to analyze the factors that may affect the prognosis. Methods During the period from Jan. 2011 to Apr. 2014, a total of 66 patients with early-stage PHC were admitted to authors’ hospital. TACE was carried out in all patients, which was followed by PMCT in 5 -7 days. All patients were followed up regularly. CT, MR, ultrasonography, AFP, liver function and other related laboratory tests were performed. Kaplan-Meier estimation was used for the analysis of disease-free survival time. The high-risk factors were analyzed by Chi-square test. Multivariate analysis was conducted by using logistic analysis method. Results After TACE the serum levels of ALT, TBIL and DBIL were increased significantly when compared with preoperative ones (P< 0.01). After sequential PMCT the serum levels of AST, ALT and DBIL were increased significantly when compared with preoperative ones (P< 0.01). When compared with TACE, after sequential PMCT the serum level of AST was increased (P< 0.01), while serum levels of TBIL and DBIL were decreased (P< 0.01). Compared with TACE and preoperative data, the post-PMCT AFP level was decreased (P < 0.01). During the follow-up period one patient died. The 3-year cumulative survival rate was 98.5%. Recurrence was seen in 19 cases. The one-year, 2-year and 3-year disease-free cumulative survival rate was 70.3%, 50.8% and 41.6% respectively. Univariate and multivariate analysis indicated that the risk factors of recurrence in early-stage PHC included AFP ≥ 100 μg/L, viral load≥103 copies/ml and irregularity of tumor border (P<0.05). Conclusion Sequential therapy of TACE followed by PMCT is an ideal treatment for early-stage PHC, sequential PMCT after TACE does not affect liver recovery process. AFP ≥ 100 μg/L, viral load ≥ 103 copies/ml and irregularity of tumor border are the risk factors of recurrence.