大龄单身女性寻求生育力保存的伦理问题探析

摘要

In recent years,human demand for fertility preservation has increased dramatically under the catalysis of social and personal factors such as the cancer and ovarian diseases increased year by year.More and more older single women seek "reproductive insurance".It is or will be a major challenge to meet this demand.For those older single women who demand for fertility preservation,the best way at present is to cryopreserve her oocytes at the suitable age by vitrification freezing method.However, there will be huge challenges from ethical,social and even legal controversy when the fertility preservation be used in older single women.This paper summarizes the application of egg freezing in older single women at present and the relevant ethical issues,as well as the possible solution,in order to promote the rational face of this problem.%近年来,在肿瘤和卵巢相关疾病发生率逐年增加、不少大龄单身女性渴望为自己购买一份“生殖保险”等社会及个人因素催化下,人类对于生育力保存的需求急剧增加,满足这一需求正在或将成为重大挑战.对于寻求进行生育力保存的大龄单身女性来说,在合适的年龄应用玻璃化冷冻技术将其卵母细胞冻存是目前可采用的最佳生育力保存手段.而单身女性卵子冷冻将面临来自伦理道德、社会乃至法律的巨大挑战.本文概述国内外大龄单身女性卵子冷冻的现状,并对其可能涉及的相关伦理问题及解决途径进行综述,以促进理性正视单身女性卵子冷冻问题.