时间管理是增强供应链竞争的优势之一,基于时间竞争的供应链管理核心在于提前期压缩.本文将提前期压缩视为可控决策变量,将批发价格结构、生产成本结构和市场需求的预测结构设定是关于提前期压缩的一般性范式函数关系,建立了考虑提前期压缩的Newsvendor型产品供应链契约协调模型.在一般性范式函数下的研究剔除了具体函数类型对问题的干扰,使得结论更具普遍性,更能突出提前期压缩的变动对供应链系统的最优决策和协调性的影响.文章首先证明考虑提前期压缩时集中供应链系统最优决策的存在性,并给出最优提前期压缩的求解方法和具体函数表达式;然后以回购契约和收益共享契约作为供应链管理的激励机制,讨论在考虑提前期压缩时,这两类契约对分散供应链系统的协调性.研究结果表明:回购契约和收益共享契约均可以协调供应链系统,但协调性受限于供应商的单位批发价格结构、单位生产成本结构以及零售商关于市场需求预测结构;最后通过数值分析验证文章结论的有效性,并对比分析回购契约与收益共享契约的等价性.%Time management is one of important sources to gain competitive advantage for the supply chain,and the core of supply chain management based on time competition depends on the lead-time compression.However,the lead-time compression leads to a trade-off for supply chain members.Lead time impacts the prediction accuracy of the random market demand from the perspective of retailer,and the prediction error is smaller when the lead-time compression is longer.The revenue through reducing prediction error is undesirable for the supplier.Meanwhile,the extension of the lead-time compression has a higher requirement for supplier's production,which will cause crash cost.In order to solve the above trade-off,we perceive lead time as a controllable decision variable and then establish a supply chain system coordination model for Newsvendor-type products with lead-time compression where the supplier's production cost structure and the retailer's demand forecasting structure are the general paradigm function with respect to lead-time compression.Under these general paradigm function without the impacts of specific function types,our conclusion is more universal and fairly highlight the effect of coordination with lead-time-compression for the supply chain system.We choose the buy-back contract and revenue sharing contract as the research mechanisms based on three reasons.First,some scholars point out that the buy-back contract cannot coordinate the supply chain system considering lead-time compression.Second,the buy-back contract and revenue sharing contract are common in real economic activities,which have universal applications.Third,Cachon (2003) indicates that the buy-back contract and revenue sharing contract are equivalent under the traditional Newsvendor environment.We discuss whether this equivalency is established when considering lead-time compression.First of all,we have proved the existence of the optimal decision of the integrated supply chain with lead-time compression which considers the optimal decision of an integrated supply chain as the game benchmark of decentralized supply chains.In addition,this study provided the method to solve the optimal lead-time compression and specific function.Moreover,we discussed the coordination of buy-back contract and revenue sharing contract under the decentralized supply chain.The results show that the buy-back contract and revenue sharing contract can coordinate the supply chain system with lead-time compression when comparing with the fixed order lead time,but its coordination is limited by the supplier's wholesale price structure,unit cost structure and the retailer's demand forecasting structure.Finally,we conduct a comparative analysis of the equivalence of buy-back contract and revenue sharing contract.We find that the buy-back contract and revenue sharing contract are not equivalent when considering lead-time compression through numerical analysis.These fmdings corroborate with some economic phenomenon:the buy-back contract is commonly used in the apparel industry,and revenue sharing contract is originated from the video rental market.
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