现代纠纷解决的基本理念：为权利而沟通∗

摘要

In the perspective of communicative rationality,the dispute,as the obj ective social phenome-non,is the alienation or failure of communication which manifests as the contention about true or false, right or wrong,and the face,respectively involving the obj ective world,the world of norm and the subj ec-tive world.The litigation,as one of diverse platforms that are required to settle the disputes,should be a comprehensively rational and normal platform which promotes rational communication rather than strug-gle,where the model of discourse is recommended.The struggle degenerates the litigation into a tool or a means to the end,which turns litigation into the slave of money and power,even the race course of litiga-tion strategy.Consequently,the j ustice is alienated to be shows and fig leaves of improper benefits.Com-munication makes the litigation a platform of rational communication or comprehensive rationality rather than one-sided rationality,fully embodying the subj ectivity of litigation which means the equal participa-tion of multi-agents,the full expression,the comprehensive communication,and the consensus and convin-ciblity of the litigation outcome.So that the litigation becomes the last barrier of social fairness and j ustice, making the j udicial authority once based on the simple surrender return to convinciblity.%在交往理性视野下，纠纷是交往异化、失败的结果，是人类社会的伴生物与生活常态，是一种客观社会现象，不能简单以善恶论之，纠纷宜疏不宜堵。交往异化、失败的具体表症可以归为真假之争、对错之争、脸面之争，涉及客观世界、规范世界和主观世界。纠纷的解决需要多元的方式即不同沟通平台，其中诉讼是提倡全面理性、规范的纠纷解决平台，它倡导理性交往，以沟通取代斗争，在诉讼模式上表现为商谈主义诉讼模式的显现。斗争使诉讼沦为工具或达到目的的手段，被异化为金钱和权力的奴隶，蜕变为诉讼策略的角逐场，司法被异化为作秀和不当利益的遮羞布。沟通使诉讼成为理性交往的平台，防止理性的片面化，追求全面理性，充分体现诉讼活动主体间性即多主体平等参与、充分表达、全面沟通以及诉讼结果的共识性与信服性，使诉讼真正成为实现社会公平正义的最后一道屏障，使司法权威归位于信服，而不是基于简单强制而臣服。