王闿运《尔雅集解》探析

摘要

王闿运《尔雅集解》为重要的雅学典籍,采录汉至清代相关注释,要言不烦,并多己见,可与邵晋涵《尔雅正义》、郝懿行《尔雅义疏》相参照.《尔雅集解》之体例为:卷首撰写引言,说明各篇要旨;正文下标示异文;立论之前,罗列旧注.其注解方法主要有四:追寻字义、分析词义、校勘异文、辨析假借.其显著优点有二:厘清异文,校订典籍;见识卓著,善用文献.然因王氏未见新出之甲金文献,训释字词,难免有所偏误.%Erya J ij ie by WANG Kaiyun is one of the most important works in the studies of Erya. Erya J ij ie captures the related commentaries from Han Dynasty to Qing Dynasty,with succinct and pre-cise explanations,and incorporating sufficient personal insights.Erya J ij ie is highly comparable with Shao Jinhan's Erya Zhengyi and Hao Yixing's Erya Yishu.The pattern of Erya Jijie is as follows:1. composing the introduction before the main content of each chapter;2.stating the variants of the words in Erya before the commentaries;3.listing the commentaries of the former scholars before the discussion. There are four ways of annotation in Erya J ij ie:1.identifying the original meanings of the words in Erya;2.analyzing the true meanings of the phases in Erya;3.collating the content of Erya among the variant versions;4.recognizing and analyzing the loan words.There are two outstanding contributions of Erya J ij ie:1.clarifying the variants of Erya and applying the finding into the collation of other Chinese Classics;2.annotating the Erya by using the content of other Chinese Classics correctly.However,the unearthed Oracle Scripts and the Bronze Scripts proof some of the Wang Kaiyun's annotations in Erya are wrong.