我国刑事被追诉者姓名隐私权之探讨

摘要

The legislation in the world has taken to avoid or default attitude to publish adult defendants ’name, even the explicit attitude. The majority of standard to restrict or prohibit the name of the accused is lower than others. About improving the standard whether we need report the accused’s name or not, there is a broader space compared with the western developed countries.Now the problem whether name should be incorporated into the privacy still remains controversial. In fact, the key to solve the problem is judging that whether the name do not belong to public information at any time .Moreover, in which case it should be included in the category of right of privacy, that needs some principles to make a scientific decision. The providing of personal information protection and relief channel from our legislation and judicial practice to the accused is not enough, it is necessary to build the name privacy right protection system which takes industry regulation as the foundation, civil relief as the link, and the criminal law as the protection.%各国立法对公布成年被追诉者的姓名多采取回避与默认，甚至是明示态度。限制或禁止公布被追诉者姓名的规范多为效力层次较低的行业准则。与西方发达国家相比，我国对“是否应当报道被追诉者姓名”的规范存在更大的完善空间，目前对姓名是否纳入隐私的问题尚存在争议。事实上，解决问题的关键在于判断姓名是否在任何时候都不属于公共信息。而且，哪些情况下应当将其列入隐私权范畴，需要一一加以判定。我国立法及司法实务界提供给被追诉者私人信息的保障与救济渠道还不够，有必要构筑以行业规制为基础，民法救济为纽带，以刑法救济为保障的姓名隐私权保护体系。