肯定前的否定——柏拉图、亚里士多德与西塞罗民主思想辨析

摘要

In politics,since the birth of democracy,it had been accompanied by continuous doubts and fierce attack.In other words,democracy experienced a long history of negation before it was accepted by human beings,especially in the period of ancient Greece and R%在政治学界,自民主诞生之日起,伴随而来的就是不断的质疑与猛烈的攻击。换而言之,在民主得到肯定之前,它经历了漫长的否定历程,特别是在民主的源头——古希腊与古罗马时代,而柏拉图、亚里士多德和西塞罗就是这种否定观点的代表者,他们在对民主的认识与批判上有着极为相似的一致性,这些共同构成了肯定前的否定。与此同时,他们也用短小的篇幅与微弱的语言给予了民主一定的承认,即＂否定中肯定＂,而这些否定与肯定恰恰构成了现今民主的基石。