“终于”的词汇化及语用功能

摘要

Zhong Yu experienced the process of lexicalizing from a cross-structural combination“verb+ preposition”to an adverb. During the Pre-Qin Period zhong andyu were combined to use and then used frequently during Han Dynasty. The function ofzhong yuas an adverb became mature after a long period of changes from Sui Dynasty to Qing Dynasty. In Modern Chinese, it is completely used as an adverb. The motivation of its lexicalization is the change of the syntax and the semantic bleaching. The adverbzhong yu means the result of the thing expected weather realized or not in pragmatic.%“终于”经历了由跨层结构“动+介”到副词的词汇化过程。先秦时期，“终于”连用的情况就已经出现；两汉时期使用频率大大增加；从隋唐五代一直到清朝，作副词的用法也基本成熟；现代汉语里，彻底完成其词汇化过程。其词汇化的主要动因是句法环境的改变和语义虚化。副词“终于”主要表示预期结果的实现或未实现。