超声波法提取山杏仁中苦杏仁苷的单因素试验研究

摘要

In this paper,the apricot kernel,which is produced in Lushan,was taken as a raw material,ultraviolet spectrophotometry was used to determine the yield of amygdalin,which is regarded as the index to select an optimum extraction method.The influence of solid-liquid ratio,ethanol concentration,extraction temperature,extraction time and ultrasonic power on the yield of amygdalin at different levels were studied.The optimum technological parameters of single factors on amygdalin extraction with ultrasonic extraction technique were solid-liquid ratio 1： 5,ethanol concentration 80%,extraction temperature 70 ℃,extraction time 40 min and ultrasonic power 64 w.The results indicated that the influence of solid-liquid ratio,ethanol concentration,extraction temperature,and ultrasonic power on the yield of amygdalin all showed a very significant level;while the influence of extraction time on the yield of amygdalin was not significant.The results of Fisher LSD multiple comparisons indicated that the influence of these factors between different levels were all different.%以产自平顶山市鲁山县的山杏仁为原料,采用紫外分光光度法,以苦杏仁苷的得率为指标,研究超声波提取法中固液比、乙醇浓度、提取温度、提取时间及超声功率对苦杏仁苷提取效果的影响。单因素试验结果表明,超声波法提取苦杏仁苷的最佳单因素工艺参数为固液比1∶5、乙醇浓度80%、提取温度70℃、提取时间40 min、超声功率64 W。单因素方差分析的结果表明,固液比、乙醇浓度、提取温度、超声功率四个因素对苦杏仁苷得率的影响都极其显著,而提取时间对苦杏仁苷得率的影响是不显著的。Fisher LSD多重比较结果显示,各因素不同水平之间对苦杏仁苷得率影响的差异显著性也有所不同。