应用ISSR分子标记方法,以96份有代表性的韭菜资源为材料,进行遗传多样性和亲缘关系分析,为韭菜品种创新提供理论依据.结果表明,从77条ISSR引物筛选出20条多态性好的引物,通过PCR扩增、PAGE指纹检测和凝胶成像指纹数据采集,建立第1个韭菜种质资源DNA指纹库.韭菜DNA的ISSR扩增多态性比率达94.7％,是韭菜种质资源研究的一种有效分子标记.应用Nei - li相似系数法估算了96份材料间的遗传相似系数(genetic similarity,Gs),其GS在0.58～0.88,遗传多样性比较丰富.部分材料聚类与其来源地有明显相关性,与其亲缘关系较近有关,符合植物种群分布一般规律;新疆野生韭等个别品种自成一类,与其特异的遗传基础有关;选育推广的韭菜品种聚类比较集中,遗传基础相对狭窄,所以在新品种创新研究中要加强国内外远缘韭菜种质的导入.%In order to provide theoretical information for leek breeding, this study was to probe genetic diversity of the leek germplasms. 96 leek samples were used to detect the intra-and interspecific genetic variation by inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) analysis. The result showed that 20 ISSR primers were screened from 77 primers based on 96 leek samples. The first leek DNA fingerprint library was constructed by PCR amplification, PAGE fingerprint detection, and fingerprint data collection of Gel imaging. The ISSR amplification diversity reached 94. 7%, which was an effective molecular marker. The genetic similarity (GS) among 96 leek samples ranged from 0. 58 to 0. 88, which could fully show that they have rich genetic diversity. The result of cluster analysis showed that the cluster analysis correlated with sample origin and was consistent with species distribution. The breeding and spreading cultivars with relatively low diversity clustered more together, which means the new leek breeding innovation should introduce germplasms from home and abroad base.
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