Characterization of Maize Germplasm Collections Using Cluster Analysis

摘要

Conscious expedition was carried out to different parts of Nigeria to collect maize genotypes with wide variability. The genotypes were coded Gtl to Gt71 and were first planted in ear-to-row progeny fashion according to their numbers on May 18, 2013 on a well pulverized flat plot.In order to have a well-organized and streamlined maize research program, it became important that these genotypes be characterized according to similarities in trahs. Thus, the genotypes were subjected to cluster analysis (CA); a tool which has the ability to analyze large amounts of genetic information and grouping genes that have similar functions. The dendrogram constructed classified the 71 genotypes into eight clusters at 5.0 squared Euclidean distance based on agronomic and chemical characteristics. Clusters VII and VIII had tall and high yielding plants with low to medium protein, medium to high oil, low to medium amylose and also medium amylopectin, although late maturing. Clusters V and VI were early maturing buthad low yielding and short plants, low protein, high oil, high amylose and low amylopectin.Clusters I and II were characterized by early maturing genotypes and also high yielding. Result obtained from second year planting season of 2014 re-affirmed theagronomic characteristics of these clusters. The 71 maize genotypes, with the help of cluster analysis, were successfully characterized and accurately grouped into eight clusters with distinct promising features. This is useful for fiirther maize improvement researches. Clusters VII & VIII and V & VI were recommended for use in recurrent selection while clusters I & II were recommended for developing inbred lines.