为了探讨单个颗粒在连续介质中对超声波的散射特性，利用多物理场耦合的有限元方法，分别对浸没于盛满水的圆柱形容器中的刚性球、液体球及气泡球对超声波的散射进行了仿真实验研究。结果表明，因为有球体的存在，改变了超声波声强在空间的分布，刚性球和液体球的超声波发射面附近声强的分布出现明显相互间隔的三个较强区域，两个较弱区域；气泡球对超声波声强的散射特性大大异于刚性球和液体球，特别是气泡球内表面附近声强出现数量较刚性球和液体球高2个数量级的较强声强散射区域，空气球内沿轴线高度方向交替出现多次峰值与0值的声强。%In order to discuss the ultrasonic scattering from a single particle immerged in continuum medium ,Simulation experiment of ultra-sonic scattering from rigidity sphere ,liquid sphere and gas sphere immerged in a cylindrical vessel of water is carried on by finite element method of multiphysics field coupling .The results show that ultrasonic intensity distributing in the space is much changed because of the sphere existing in the water .There are three strong acoustic intensity areas and two feebleness areas interphase near to ultrasonic emission tip-face of rigidity sphere and liquid sphere .Ultrasonic intensity scattering characteristics of air sphere is much different from the intensity scattering of the rigidity sphere and liquid sphere ,especially the air sphere ultrasonic intensity near the sphere interior interface is two orders of magnitude higher and the ultrasonic intensity alternately appears the peak value and the zero value along the axes of sphere .
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