Germplasm resources is important material basis for crop genetic improvement, the genetic relationship and genetic diversity study of pepper germplasms is important base of pepper genetic improvement. In this paper, the genetic relationship and genetic diversity were studied thorough the evaluation of phenotypic traits as well as sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) molecular markers, the main results were as follows: Based on the cluster analysis of fruit traits, color of leaves and other morphologicai traits, the pepper germplasms in the experiment were clustered into 4 groups when the index of genetic similarity is 0.69. The 4 groups are CatnicumannuumL. var. conoides , Capsicum annuum L. var. conoides bailey , C apsicum annuum L var. longum baily and Capsicum annuun L. var. cerasiforme baily. Using 17 pairs of SRAP primers, genetic diversity and genetic relationship among 72 germplasms were studied, a total of 182 bands were acquired by PCR, about 118 of them showed diversity in length. The genetic similarity index among the 72 pepper gennplasms varied from 0.56 to 0.91, and the 72 gennplasms were divided into 8 groups when the genetic similarity index is 0.737. A deviation was found between the genetic diversity and genetic relationship by SRAP marker and morphological marker in this study, and a more abundance and stable genetic diversity was found by SRAP marker on the pepper germplasms, suggesting its value in the genetic diversity and genetic relationship study of crops such as poppers.%采用形态学标记与序列相关扩增多态性(SRAP)分子标记相结合的手段,分别对49和72份辣椒资源的遗传多样性及亲缘关系进行了分析.结果表明:(1)根据果实性状及叶色等形态学标记聚类分析,在遗传相似系数为0.69处将辣椒分为4个组群,即朝天椒、圆锥椒、棱柱形椒和樱桃形椒;(2)基于辣椒资源的SRAP分子标记分析,发现72份辣椒材料间的遗传相似系数为0.56-0.91,在相似系数为0.737处被分为8个组群,形态学标记与SRAP分子标记结果有较大的出入.可见,SRAP作为分子标记的结果不受环境影响,所揭示的种质资源遗传多样性更为丰富,在辣椒等作物遗传多样性和亲缘关系的研究中更具应用价值.
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