血红素结合蛋白生化特性及应用研究进展

摘要

血红素结合蛋白(HPX)是血浆中与血红素结合能力最强的蛋白,广泛参与机体多种生理和病理过程.HPX最主要的生理功能是结合和转运有毒的游离血红素.新近研究表明,HPX还有抗氧化、抗凋亡、免疫调节、器官保护等多种功能,并参与细胞分化以及细胞外基质重建等生理过程.近年来,有关HPX保护作用机制的研究不断深入,研究结果向临床转化方面也有新的突破,特别是近几年蛋白组学筛选研究发现,HPX可作为肺癌、肝癌、肾癌、结肠癌、子宫肌瘤以及骨关节炎等疾病的阳性标志物.本文综述了HPX生化特性和功能及其可能的临床应用前景的研究进展.%Hemopexin (HPX) is a plasma protein with the strongest binding capacity to heme and widely involved in modulation of a variety of physiological and pathological processes. The main physiological function of HPX is to bind and transport free toxic heme. Recent studies indicate that HPX also plays roles of anti-oxidant, anti-apoptosis, immune regulation and organic protection. In addition, HPX participates in regulation of cell differentiation and extracellular matrix reconstruction. In recent years, a great deal of progress has been made in studies of the mechanisms of HPX protective effects and on possible clinical application. In the past few years, especially, a number of proteomic studies have demonstrated that HPX could be served as positive molecular biomarkers for cancers of lung, liver, kidney, colon, and uterine myoma as well as osteoarthritis. In this review, recent progress in the biochemical characteristics and function of HPX and its possible clinical applications are summarized.