航运业承担了全球90%的贸易运输，它的排放具有移动性、无界性和跨区域性的特点，其低碳发展也具有独特的模式。虽然就碳排放总量及单位周转量能耗和碳排放而言，航运业已经是最经济和节能的运输方式，但其能源消耗和碳排放的增长幅度却大大超过了其他行业的水平。在航运业碳减排方面，国际海事组织做出了很多努力，同时也取得了一些成果。中国航运业虽然在节能减排方面也取得了一些成绩，但由于工作基础比较薄弱，管理机制不够完善，技术积累不够充分，还需通过相关各方的共同努力，在政策法规、管理制度、标准规范、技术研发及保障措施等方面进一步完善和改进，同时，充分发挥航运企业的创造力和积极性，加大培训和宣传的力度，以推进航运业的低碳、可持续发展。% Shipping is undertaking 90 percent of international trade transportation. The emission in the shipping industry is its mobile, boundless, and transregional. As to energy consumption and carbon emission per unit volume, shipping is already the most economical and energy-efficient way for transportation, but the growth rate of energy consumption and carbon emission of shipping is greatly surpassing that of other in-dustries. International Maritime Organization has made great efforts and also got lots of achievements in carbon reduction of shipping. In China, although many progresses are achieved in carbon reduction of ship-ping, a further improvement is to be made through the cooperation of related parties because of the weaker foundation, imperfect management mechanism, and insufficient technology accumulation. In order to boost the low carbon development and sustainable development of shipping, efforts are to be focused on policies and regulations, management systems, standards and codes, technology research and development, and safeguard measures. Meanwhile, the creativity and enthusiasm of the shipping enterprise must be stimulated, and training and public awareness should be increased.
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