从学生个体、家庭、学校和现代传媒以及综合模型的角度梳理和分析国内外研究大学生发展的影响因素的观点和理论，从而提出大学生发展影响因素的“场域—互动”论模型，大学生发展受到个体、家庭、学校和传媒等场域及其互动的影响，这种影响的发生须经历大学生的“知与行”的内化。其一，影响大学生发展的各类因素可以用“个体—组织—结构”的维度进行整合，它们具有“历时—空间”的特点。其二，各类场域对大学生发展的影响是动态的和复杂多样的，既有正向的，也有负向的；既有刚性的，也有弹性的，即使是极细微的影响因素都会引出非常复杂的因果循环。其三，某种因素是否为大学生的“重要他者”和“最近他者”是判断它对大学生发展是否具有“决定性影响”的主要依据。其四，各类场域对学生发展的影响存在“时间滞延”的效应。各类场域之间的互动能促进个体经验和组织经验的增长。%Based on the literature review on factors that influence the development of university students (e.g.,individual,family,university,and contemporary media)and on relevant comprehensive models,the authors proposed a theoretical model of “field-interaction”to interpret the various factors af-fecting university students’development.It is proposed that the development of university students is in-fluenced by a range of fields including individual,family,media and university,and by the interaction of those fields.All those fields affect university students through the internalization of students’“knowledge and actions”.This model consists of four key points as follows.First of all,we can integrate all those fac-tors above in the dimension of “individual-organization-structure”;and they have the characteristic of“time-space”.Second,the influence of those fields on university students’development is dynamic,di-verse and complicated.As for the ways of influence,there are positive effects versus negative effects,and rigid effects versus flexible effects.As for the process of influence,even a tiny factor can bring about a complicated causal effect circle.Third,to determine whether a factor has a decisive effect on university students'development,it is important to tell if this factor is the university students’“closest other”and“critical other”.Fourth,the effects of all those fields on university students'development show the feature of “time-delay”.The interaction of various factors results in the growth of individual and organizational experiences.
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