赋家为郎与两汉赋风的生成及流变

摘要

When we study the main political identity of writers in two Han Dynasties , the idea that Fu writers were Lang (郎) is better than those that they were actors who made jokes for emperor and that they were officials who stood around emperor with his eloquence and intelligence .From the writers ’ biography of Han Dynasty , we can see that they assumed the office of Lang in there whole life .Lang official was the base of official system of two Han Dynasties .The cognition of “writer being only a Lang official” was a long and suffering experience , and deep-ly affected their writing thought about Fu, such as the principles of persuasion and praise , the rationalization tactics about the depressed and worried feelings , and the created ideas about writing being a hard work or a relaxed game , etc.%在考察两汉赋家的主要政治身份时，赋家为郎也许是一个比“位同俳优”和“言语侍从之臣”说更能通贯两汉总体情形的观察视角。征诸历史记载的两汉主要赋家仕履，他们都曾任过名目不同、职责不定但都与文事、口辩、学识有关的中下层郎官。郎官是汉代官僚系统的基础。位不过郎，是汉代赋家政治生存的痛楚体验。这深深影响了他们的辞赋书写观念，可发现其政治思维的讽谏法则、颂美法则，在世思维的合理开解策略和书写的游戏娱乐、刻苦为文的美文心态，等等。