近年来，互联网技术的发展和社会性软件的普及方便了人们的共享与协作，为“集体智慧”的发育与成长提供了沃饶的土壤。在人人互联、资源共享的时代，互联网上的“集体智慧”作为一种崭新的智能形式，为学习者提供了更加准确、及时和完备的非正式学习体验。在教育领域中，互联网上的集体智慧可以划分为四种形式：集体知识库、开放式学习平台、开放式网络社区、用户行为数据库。集体智慧的这四种表现形式是虚实融合的非正式学习环境模型中虚拟环境层的核心内容。在虚实融合的非正式学习环境模型中，还涵盖了诸多的非正式学习活动，与这些学习活动相对应的非正式学习策略能够为学习者提供有效的学习指导。%In recent years, the development of the internet technology and the popularity of social software facilitate people ’s communication and cooperation , provide solid fundament for “collective intelligence”. In the era of interconnection and resource sharing, collective intelligence, as a new intelligent form, provides learners more accurate, timely and complete learning experience. In education field, collective intelligence on the internet can be divided into four forms: collective knowledge base , open learning platform, open network community and behavior database. These four forms are core contents of virtual environment in informal learning environment model under the background of virtual-actual fusion. This model contains lots of informal learning activities , the informal leaning strategies which are matched with these learning activities can provide learners learning guidance.
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