虚拟环境下面向装配的设计,是一种集成虚拟现实技术和装配性评价的交叉学科研究.文中提出了一个虚拟环境下面向装配的设计系统VirDFA（Virtual Design For Assembly ）的体系结构.首先描述了虚拟人工实时拆卸的过程，着重研究在实现虚拟人工拆卸过程中，需要解决的装配体物性建模、虚拟环境下装配约束的动态管理及装配序列/路径的自动记录等关键技术；其次，从面向产品结构和装配工艺过程两方面的再设计角度，构建了装配性评价体系，提出了定量的装配效率模型和装配复杂度指标模型，并从装配成本的角度来评价产品的装配性优劣，为产品和装配工艺规划的再设计提供了依据.%DFA(Design for Assembly) in virtual environment is a new multidisciplinary study that integrates realtime 3D computer graphics, advanced interactive input and output devices and assemblability evaluation technology. This paper presents the architecture of an integrated DFA system in virtual environment (VirDFA). The procedures that a user manually disassembles an assembly under virtual environment are described, and all kinds of key techniques that are used to realize manual disassembly procedures and to record assembly sequences and paths in real time are investigated. In order to redesign product structures and select optimized assembly plans, an assemblability evaluation system is constructed to analyze product assembly structure and assembly sequences. The assemblability evaluation system includes a design efficiency model for assembly, an assembly complexity model, and an assembly costs model. According to the assemblability evaluation results, on the one hand, product structure can be redesigned, and on the other hand, a best assembly sequence and path can be selected wisely from a large set of feasible sequences.
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