基于Voronoi的无线传感器网络覆盖控制优化策略

摘要

针对无线传感器网络运行状态中存在覆盖空洞的问题，提出了一种基于Voronoi有效覆盖区域的空洞侦测修复策略。该策略以满足一定网络区域覆盖质量为前提，在空洞区域内合理增加工作节点以提高网络覆盖率为优化目标，采用几何图形向量方法对节点感知范围和Voronoi多边形的位置特性进行理论分析，力求较准确地计算出空洞面积，找寻最佳空洞修复位置，部署较少的工作节点保证整个网络的连通性。仿真结果表明，该策略能有效地减少网络总节点个数和感知重叠区域，控制网络中冗余节点的存在，同时其收敛速度较快，能够获得比现有算法更高的目标区域空洞修复率，实现网络覆盖控制优化。%Coverage holes directly reduce network performance and become a key problem of wireless sensor network. A detect-repair scheme for area coverage in wireless sensor network with Voronoi was proposed. The strategy achieves the network coverage rate optimization balance with a prerequisite of an acceptable coverage quality of network area. It uses the geometry theories and vector algebra to analyse the sensing range of nodes and the position feature of Voronoi polygon. It can calculate the accurate area of holes and ensure the connectivity of networks with the least number of nodes. Simulation results show that the strategy can effectively reduce the number of the nodes and the overlapped sensing regions and control redundant nodes. Meanwhile, the strategy has fast convergence speed. It not only realizes the control and optimization of the network coverage, but also outperforms existing algorithms with respect to the coverage of the target region.