布托啡诺与羟考酮用于经尿道输尿管镜碎石取石术后自控静脉镇痛的效果比较

摘要

[Objective]To compare the effects of butorphanol and oxycodone in patient-controlled intravenous analgesia after transurethral ureteroseopic lithotripsy (URL).[Methods]Two hundred and fourteen patients undergoing URL were divided into butorphanol group (group A,n =107) and oxycodone group (group B,n=107) according to the different anesthetics.The analgesic effects were compared between the two groups.[Results]The excellent rate of anesthesia,operation time and duration of anesthesia showed no statistically significant difference between the two groups (P＞0.05).3h,6h,12h and 24h after postoperative patient-controlled intravenous analgesia,the pain score of the group B was significantly lower than that of the group A,the sedation score was significantly higher than that of group A,and the difference was significant (P ＜0.05).The anesthetic consumption,score of Post Operative Nausea And Vomitting (PONV) of the group B were significantly less or lower than those of the group A (P ＜0.05).The anesthesia satisfaction of B group was 93.46％ while of A group was 87.85％ (P ＞0.05).The anesthesia satisfaction of the group B was 93.46％,higher than that of the group A (87.85％) (P ＞0.05);the incidence of adverse reactions in the group A was 14.02％ while that in the group B was 5.61％ (P ＜0.05).[Conclusion]General anesthesia effects of butorphanol and oxycodone for URL anesthesia are similar,but oxycodone has a relatively small amount and good analgesic effect with less adverse reaction,and is more suitable than butorphanol for URL intrathecal anesthesia.%[目的]比较布托啡诺与羟考酮用于经尿道输尿管镜碎石取石术(URL)后自控静脉镇痛的效果.[方法]本院214例择期行URL治疗的患者,依据术中麻醉药物不同,分为布托啡诺组(A组,n=107)和羟考酮组(B组,n=107),比较两组镇痛效果.[结果]A组麻醉优良率、手术时间和麻醉时间与B组比较差异均无显著性(P＞0.05);术后自控静脉镇痛后3h、6h、12h、24 h,B组疼痛评分显著低于A组,镇静评分显著高于A组,且差异具有显著性(P＜0.05);B组麻醉药物消耗量显著少于、恶心呕吐评分显著低于A组,且差异有显著性(P＜0.05);B组麻醉满意度为93.46％,高于A组的87.85％ (P＞0.05);B组麻醉过程总不良反应率为5.61％,明显低于A组的14.02％ (P＜0.05).[结论]布托啡诺与羟考酮用于URL麻醉,总体麻醉效果相当,但羟考酮麻醉用量相对较少,镇痛效果好,不良反应少,比布托啡诺更适于URL椎管内麻醉.