Objective To know the current situation of asthma in children aged 0-14 years old in Taixing ar-ea through epidemiological investigation, and to explore the risk factors in order to provide epidemiological evidence for the prevention and treatment of childhood asthma. Methods A cluster random sampling survey was conducted on 4976 children aged from 0 to 14 years old with asthma or without in Tainxing. 271 children were diagnosed as asthma and these children were regarded as the case group, while another 271 non-asthmatic children were taken as the con-trol group. Case-control study and Logistic regression analysis were performed to analyze the association of asthma and risk factors. Results The incidence of childhood asthma was 3. 16% . The ratio of male to female was 1. 9:1. 0, and those aged from 0 to 3 years old and 7 to 9 years old had the highest prevalence rate with 3. 9% respectively. 61. 8% patients had their first asthma attack before the age of 3 years, 27. 3% at the age of 7~9. 39. 7% of them suf-fered from asthma during periods of seasonal change, while 47. 6% had attacks with no obvious regularity of time. The asthma was induced by respiratory tract infection most easily. Logistic regression analysis showed that the individ-ual allergic history, familial allergic history, family asthmatic history and premature birth were the independent risk factors for asthma in children, while breast feeding was a protective factor. Conclusion The total prevalence of asth-ma in children aged from 0 to 14 in Taixing is 3. 16%, which is higher than the national level in 2000. The inde-pendent risk factors include allergic history, asthmatic history and premature birth. The asthma could be prevented and treated effectively according to the investigated data.%目的：通过流行病学调查,了解泰兴地区0~14岁儿童哮喘发病与治疗现状,并对哮喘的危险性因素进行统计分析,为合理防治哮喘提供科学依据。方法采用整群抽样的方法,按照各年龄段人口比例对泰兴地区4976名1~14岁儿童进行问卷调查,共筛查确诊157名哮喘患儿作为病例组。同时,选取无统计学差异的157名健康儿童作为对照组。采取单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析方法,探讨哮喘的危险性因素。结果泰兴地区0~14岁儿童哮喘患病率为3．16%,男、女患病率比为1．9：1．0；哮喘患儿中,0~3岁和7~9岁年龄段儿童患病率最高,均为3．9%；首次发病集中在婴幼儿期(61．8%)和学龄初期(27．3%),在换季时容易发作(39．7%),大多患者易发时辰没有规律,发作诱因最常见的为呼吸道感染。哮喘的治疗药物主要是支气管舒张剂和抗生素,而吸入激素疗法的普及率较低。对病例组和对照组的单因素及多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,个人过敏(P<0．01)、家族过敏(P<0．01)、亲属哮喘(P<0．01)、早产(P<0．05)是儿童哮喘发生的独立危险因素,母乳喂养是保护性因素( P <0．05)。结论泰兴地区0~14岁儿童哮喘患病率为3．16%,比2000年全国调查水平高。哮喘的危险性因素包括过敏史、哮喘史以及早产与否。根据调查结果,可积极而又针对性的对本地区哮喘病进行防治。
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