中国北方城乡两地居民自杀意念、自杀未遂的调查

摘要

Objective:To assess the incidence of suicide ideation and suicide attempt,and its difference between male and female,urban and rural residents in northern China• Method:Adopt the method of strati_fied sampling,1 007 people age over 18 years old were randomly selected from 10 urban neighborhoods in Bei_jing city(503 people)and 10 rural villages in Wuan of Hebei province(504 people),and they were investiga_ted by homemade "public about suicide attitude questionnaire"• Results:Among the 1 007 respondents,36 had been suicidal ideation over the last year,there was no significant difference between male vs female subjects and urban vs rural subjects(χ2 =0•07,χ2 =0•11;all P>0•05)• Ninty_two people ever had suicidal ideation;there was no significant difference between male and female(χ2 =0•11,P>0•05),but there was significant differences between urban and rural residents(χ2 =7•88,P<0•05)•The incidence of suicide ideation in rural residents was significantly higher• Six persons had suicide attempt and 18 persons ever had suicide attempt over last year•There were no significant difference between male vs female subjects(χ2 =0•72,χ2 =0•27)and urban vs rural subjects(χ2 =0•00,χ2 =2•20)•The relatives of 49 people ever had suicidal ideation,urban residents was significantly higher(χ2 =6•24,P<0•05)•The relatives of 20 people ever had suicide attempte,the rela_tives of 25 people ever had suicide•There were no significant differences between urban and rural residents(χ2 =0•82,χ2 =0•38;all P>0•05)• Conclusion:The incidence of suicide ideation and suicide attempt among the urban and rural residents in northern China are higher,it’s essential to develop suicide intervention strategies.%目的：了解中国北方城乡两地居民自杀意念、自杀未遂的发生率，以及性别之间、城乡之间的差异。方法：采用分层抽样的方法随机抽取北京市区10个居委会和河北武安农村10个村、年龄≥18岁人群共1000人（城市和农村各500人），实际调查1007人（城市503人，农村504人）；采用自制“公众对自杀的态度问卷”对被试逐项进行调查。结果：被调查的1007人中，有36人近1年出现过自杀意念，在性别、城乡之间差异无统计学意义（χ2＝0•07，χ2＝0•11；P均＞0•05）；92人曾经有过自杀意念，在性别之间差异无统计学意义（χ2＝0•11，P＞0•05），但农村显著多于城市（χ2＝7•88，P＜0•05）；有6人近1年出现过自杀未遂，18人曾经有过自杀未遂，在性别（χ2＝0•72，χ2＝0•27）、城乡之间（χ2＝0•00，χ2＝2•20）差异无统计学意义（ P均＞0•05）。1007人中有49人的亲属在过去任何时候有过自杀意念，城市显著多于农村（χ2＝6•24，P＜0•05）；20人的亲属有过自杀未遂，25人的亲属自杀死亡，城乡之间差异无统计学意义（χ2＝0•82，χ2＝0•38；P均＞0•05）。结论：中国北方城乡两地居民自杀意念、自杀未遂的发生率均相对较高，制定相应的自杀预防计划是亟待解决的问题。