110例丙型肝炎患者流行病学特征和疾病谱分析

摘要

目的：调查丙型肝炎住院患者的流行病学特征和疾病谱，为HCV感染的防治提供参考。方法回顾性分析2008年1月至2011年10月住院的110例丙型肝炎患者的人口学、流行病学资料和实验室检查，计数资料的比较用χ2检验。结果在110例被调查的患者中，男∶女为1．2∶1；传播途径主要有应用血制品、手术、不明原因、静脉吸毒和性传播等。2008至2011年年发病人数分别为16、18、32、44人。本地区HCV基因型有1b、2a型，1b型最多占60．7％（17/28），其次为2a型占28．6％（8/28），1b/2a混合型占7．1％（2/28），3b型3．6％（1/28）。慢性肝炎占67．3％，肝硬化率达19．1％。结论 HCV年发病呈上升趋势，HCV基因分型以1b和2a为主，丙型肝炎易于向肝硬化发展，应加强重点人群疫情监测。%Objective To investigate the epidemiological features and disease spectrum of inpatients with hepatitis C in recent years and to provide reference for the control of hepatitis C.Methods A retrospective study of demography,epidemiology,and laboratory examination was performed in 1 10 hospitalized patients with hepatitis C.Results Of the 1 10 patients,60 were male and 50 were female,with a male-to-female ratio of 1.2:1.The main transmission routes included blood product transfusion (33.6%),surgery (30.0%),intravenous drug use (14.5%),and sexual transmission (4.5%).The other 19 cases (17.4%)were of unknown transmission route.The annual numbers of cases from 2008 to 2011 were 16,18,32,and 44,respectively.The genotype proportions in patients were as follows:1b,60.7%(17/28);2a,28.6%(8/28);1b/2a mixed type,7.1%(2/28);3b,3.6%(1/28).Of all patients,13.6%(15/110)were found with a-cute hepatitis C,67.3% (74/110)with chronic hepatitis C,19.1% (21/110)with liver cirrhosis,and 10.9% (12/110)with decom-pensated cirrhosis.Conclusion The incidence of HCV infection has been increasing year by year.The major HCV genotypes are 1 b and 2a.Hepatitis C is apt to develop into liver cirrhosis.It is necessary to reinforce monitoring and to carry out specific epidemiological study a-mong the target population.