“舌尖上的X”构式认知理据分析

摘要

随着纪录片《舌尖上的中国》的热播，语言表达式“舌尖上的中国”成为新的网络流行语。这一高频度的表达式预备了一个构式，即“舌尖上的 X”构式，其构式义可以被表述为“吃”事件框架。“舌尖上的”是构式中比较稳定的成分，成为构式的主体，“X”则表示插入构式的填充词汇，通过注意力视窗开启使“吃”这一事件框架中的某个或多个概念成分前景化。构式压制凸显了填充词汇语义框架内饮食这一语义成分并弱化了其他的语义成分，导致填充词汇的语义发生转变从而消解了构式义与填充词汇之间语义语用的冲突。%With the launch of the documentary “A Bite of China”,“She Jian Shang De Zhong Guo”has become the new internet catchphrase.All these expressions with high frequency share a same construc-tion,i.e.,“She Jian Shang De X”construction.From the perspective of the Frame Semantics,its con-structional meaning can be described as “eat”event frame.“She Jian Shang De”is the fixed part of the construction,and “X”is the filled word.The filled words foreground one or more ingredient of the“eat”event frame through windowing of attention.Constructional coercion highlights the semantic in-gredient of food and diet and shads other semantic elements at the same time,and eventually transforms the semantic meaning of the filled words,achieving the semantic and pragmatic harmony between the constructional meaning and the meaning of the filled words.