痴绝道冲禅法思想析论

摘要

Chijue Daochong is,in Late Southern Song Dynasty, Linji Zen Monk,known as the “talent of pure dharmaparyaya,example of younger generation”.“To carry forward Zen style as their own responsibility”is the feature and Value purport of Chijue Daochong s Zen.His Zen character,with the spirit of integration, in fact returns to the era of ancient eminent monk Linji Yixuan,was not subject to prevalent Zen Buddist,Text Zen. The issue of the relationship between the three religions of Confucianism, Buddhism, Taoism,Chijue Daochong mainly inherites and develops Mingjiao Qisong s Confucian Buddhism theory of integration. Ontologically three religions of Confuciamism,Buddhism,Taoism share the same token, the same heart but Buddhism attaches more emphasis on the concept of fillial piety specificity and superiority of the Dharma.In the inwardness theory, Chijue Daochong makes the positive interpretation of the Linji Zen idea distinct and adheres to the Zen which faces the human heart and sees the Buddha nature s spirit of the sect by the Shakyamuni holding up a flowers and Bodhidharma from the west Zen Koan. Jingshan Chijue critizes malady of Dharma weakness, revitalizes the Zen,to perpetuate and prosper Buddhist truth.%　　痴绝道冲是南宋后期一代临济宗高僧，被誉为“真法门之栋梁，后学之标准”。“以激扬宗风为己任”是痴绝道冲禅法思想的特点及其价值旨趣，他的禅法思想性格，虽有融合之精神，实则回归于古德临济义玄时代，不受普遍流行的看话禅、文字禅、默照禅之禅风影响，亦不受宋代禅宗内部禅、净融合论之影响。在儒、释、道三教关系问题上，痴绝道冲主要继承和发展了明教契嵩的儒佛融合论，不断引用儒家经典与佛教作会通，在本体论上强调儒释道三教共同一之“道”、同一之“心”，但是在孝亲观上更多地强调佛法的特殊性、优越性。在心性论上，痴绝道冲反复借着释迦灵山拈花、达磨西来的禅宗公案，从正面阐释了自己临济禅一念分明、自证自悟的思想，坚守禅宗直指人心、见性成佛的宗门精神。径山痴绝颇为深刻地批评当时丛林佛法淡薄、祖道凌迟的种种弊病，努力振兴丛林，绍隆佛祖。