不同产地苦杏仁油的含量及成分分析

摘要

通过对庆阳,隰县,安塞,镇原,华池,灵台,方山以及麟游的苦杏仁含油率、脂肪酸组成以及VE含量的比较研究,结果表明:不同产地的苦杏仁含油率在42.642%到53.569%之间,各产地的苦杏仁油脂肪酸组成相同,都含有6种脂肪酸,即亚油酸、油酸、棕榈酸、硬脂酸、棕榈油酸以及亚麻酸.苦杏仁油中的总VE含量在19.4 mg/100 g到55.833 mg/100 g之间,不同产地苦杏仁油中不饱和脂肪酸质量分数均在94%以上,其中油酸质量分数在62.8%以上,亚油酸质量分数在24%以上.综合考虑含油率、不饱和脂肪酸以及VE含量优选出黄土高原地区苦杏仁的最佳产地为麟游,该结果为苦杏仁产业化的发展以及生产基地建设提供了科学的依据.%The oil content of almond and the fatty acid composition and VE of almond oil from eight producing areas in Loess Plateau Region( QingYang,XiXian,AnSai,ZhenYuan,HuaChi,LingTai,FangShan,LingYou) were studied.Results: The oil content of almond from the eight areas are from 42.642% to 53.569%.The fatty acid compositions of the almond oil from different regions are the same,they all contain linoleic acid,oleic acid,palmitic acid,stearic acid and palmitoleic acid; the percentage of unsaturated fatty acids are all above 94%,among which the content of oleic acid and linoleic acid are above 62.8% and 24% respectively.The VE content of the oil is from 19.4mg/100g to 55.833 mg/100g.Taking it all round,the best habitat for bitter almond is LinYou.This study provides a scientific basis for the industrialization and base construction of bitter almond.