响应面分析水酶法提取茶叶籽油工艺优化研究

摘要

茶叶籽作为茶叶生产副产物,富含油脂及茶皂素等成分.试验采用中性蛋白酶进行水酶法提取茶叶籽油工艺研究,单因素试验探索酶量、作用温度、作用时间、料液比等对油得率影响,并对副产物茶皂素得率进行测定；在此基础上开展中心组合试验,进行响应面分析对油脂提取工艺进行优化.研究结果表明回归方程为:Y=-65.950+3.011X1+1.522X2+10.167X3+5.685X4+0.167X1X3-0.108X1X4+0.0433X2X4-0.300X3X4-0.166X12-0.0157X22-1.059X32-0.797X42,最佳提取条件为酶量10.83 mL、酶解温度53℃、料液比1∶5.19、酶解时间3.30 h,验证试验油得率为26.053％,为茶叶籽资源开发提供了理论指导.%Tea seeds contain oil,tea saponin and other constituents as tea-industry byproduct.This paper conducted process research on Aqueous Enzymatic Extraction of tea-seed oil with neutral protease,and explored the effect of enzyme dose,reaction temperature,reaction time and liquid solid ratio on yield of oil and saponin was respectively measured,and determined the yield of byproduct tea saponin; on this basis,the research of aqueous enzymatic extraction of tea-seed oil was performed with protease by response surface analysis.The results showed that tea seed the regression equation was Y=-65.950 +3.011X1 + 1.522X2 + 10.167X3 +5.685X4 +0.167X1X3-0.108X1X4+0.043 3X2X4-0.300X3X4-0.166X12-0.0157X22-1.059X32-0.797X42 ; the optimum extraction parameters were protease dose 10.83 mL,extraction temperature 53 ℃,solid/liquid 1∶5.19,and extraction time 3.30 h.Under the conditions above,the oil yield ratio reached 26.053 ％,which provided theoretical direction for the development of tea-seed resources.